If you want to display different categories on the home page compared to other pages I would use the new option Category Groups.
Create a group for the home page or edit the existing home group and add all the categories you want to show on the home page.
Create a group for all other pages and add the categories you would like to display.
In the General Options page, select your Home group to be shown on the home page.
Select the other group to be shown for Nonexistence and Default group.
Add the widget, AVH Extended Category: Category Group, to your sidebar, modify the options to your liking and you're done.
If you want the same categories to be displayed everywhere you can use the widget AVH Extended Categories and in the widget you can select which categories you would like to display.
Hope this helps, let me know if you need more help.